How to contact WikiLeaks? What is Tor? Tips for Sources After Submitting

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How to contact WikiLeaks? What is Tor? Tips for Sources After Submitting

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We recommend contacting us over Tor if you can.

How to contact WikiLeaks? What is Tor? Tips for Sources After Submitting

### Tor

Tor is an encrypted anonymising network that makes it harder to intercept internet communications, or see where communications are coming from or going to.

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#### Tails

If you are at high risk and you have the capacity to do so, you can also access the submission system through a secure operating system called Tails. Tails is an operating system launched from a USB stick or a DVD that aim to leaves no traces when the computer is shut down after use and automatically routes your internet traffic through Tor. Tails will require you to have either a USB stick or a DVD at least 4GB big and a laptop or desktop computer.

How to contact WikiLeaks? What is Tor? Tips for Sources After Submitting

### Tips

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How to contact WikiLeaks? What is Tor? Tips for Sources After Submitting

### After

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#### 3. Remove traces of your submission

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In particular, hard drives retain data after formatting which may be visible to a digital forensics team and flash media (USB sticks, memory cards and SSD drives) retain data even after a secure erasure. If you used flash media to store sensitive data, it is important to destroy the media.

If you do this and are a high-risk source you should make sure there are no traces of the clean-up, since such traces themselves may draw suspicion.

#### 4. If you face legal action

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wlupld3ptjvsgwqw.onion
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How to contact WikiLeaks? What is Tor? Tips for Sources After Submitting

# Vault7: CIA Hacking Tools Revealed

Navigation: » Directory » Automated Implant Branch (AIB) » AIB Home » Projects » User #?

Owner: User #3375506

## User #? Developer Guide

Note: This page is under development.

# Overview

User #? is a software tool used to build custom installers for target computers running Microsoft Windows operating systems.

## Concept of Operations

An operator uses User #? to build a custom installation executable, execute that installation executable on a target computer, and (optionally) decode the results of that execution.

### Build

An operator uses the User #? builder to construct a custom installation executable.

The operator configures an installation executable to install one or more payloads using a variety of techniques. Each payload installer is built from individually configured components that implement part of the installation procedure.

The operator may designate that installation is contingent on the evaluation of the target environment. Target conditions are described using a custom rule language.

The operator may configure the tool to output a log file during execution for later exfiltration.

### Execute

An operator runs the installation executable on a target computer running a Microsoft Windows operating system. The installation executable should be loaded into and executed solely within memory.

The operator is responsible for selecting the appropriate method for gaining on-target execution for the configured User #? tool.

If the executable has output a log file, the operator collects it from the filesystem for later analysis.

### Decode

An operator decodes the runtime-generated log file to evaluate detailed execution results.

The execution log stores result codes from each installer component and facts evaluated as part of the target environment validation process.

## Referenced Documents

### NOD Persistent DLL Dynamic Link Library v1

The User #? executable DLL Dynamic Link Library is compliant with the NOD Network Operations Division Persistent specification version 1. It can be safely loaded and executed in process memory.

### In-memory Code Execution ( ICE In-memory Code Execution) v3

The User #? executable ICE-DLL is compliant with the In-memory Code Execution ( ICE In-memory Code Execution) specification version 3. It can be loaded as a module by an ICE-compliant loader using the ‘Fire’ execution mode.

# System Design

## User #? Composition

A User #? executable contains one or more installers . An installer is a stack of one or more installer components . User #? invokes each component of the stack in series to operate on a payload . The ultimate purpose of an installer is to persist a payload.

User #? will optionally evaluate rules to determine whether to execute an installation. Rules may be set on each installer and/or globally.

### Executables

User #? executables contain and run one or more installers on a target system.

An executable may have a global rule that will be evaluated before execution of any installers. If a global rule is provided and evaluates to false the executable aborts operation.

Executables may be constructed for both x86 and x64 architectures and in the following formats:

DLL | Microsoft Dynamic-Link Library - Compliant with NOD Network Operations Division Persistence Specification v1 - Executes in a thread created in the DLL Dynamic Link Library entry point (DllMain) - Memory-loadable (compliant with NOD Network Operations Division Persistence v1)
ICE DLL | ICEv3 Module - Compliant with In-memory Code Execution ( ICE In-memory Code Execution) Specification v3 - Supports ‘Fire’ feature set

If no rules need to be evaluated by the executable, User #? uses an alternate executable, called a Cricket. A Cricket is equivalent to a User #?, but has been stripped of the rule processing engine.

### Installers

Installers encapsulate the process used to install a payload on a target system. Installers are constructed from one or more components that each contribute to the installation process.

Installers run by passing a payload through each member of the component stack. An installer may invoke a component at run time or build time, depending on payload availability and the components’ execution time requirements. Installers are biased toward build-time execution of components to minimize on-target activity.

An installer may have a rule that will be evaluated before execution. If an installer rule is provided and evaluates to false the associated installer is skipped.

### Components

Components form the functional portion of installers. Components may be used to introduce payloads to the installer stack, modify a payload on the stack, install a payload on a target, etc.

User #? users configure components individually before using them to construct installers. Components may be used in multiple installers.

Components may be developed by third-parties and added to an existing User #? build system.

### Payloads

Payloads are the software tools that an installer is meant to persist on a target. Payloads are passed through each component on the installer stack.

Payloads are typed by format (EXE, DLL, SYS, PIC), architecture (x86, x64), and optional arguments and interface. The output type of a component must match exactly the input type of the next component on the stack.

User #? includes a built-in payload component which is used to introduce a payload to the component stack.

#### Rules

Rules are statements that describe on-target conditions required for the successful operation of an installer or a User #? executable as a whole. Rules use boolean operators to combine simple facts into complex expressions.

## Logic

For any given executable, including some number of installers built from some sequence of components, User #? will operate according to the following logic.

### Build Time

At build time, User #? will validate the executable and run the build time components.

#### Validation

For each installer in an executable, User #? evaluates the payload exchanges between the constituent components. User #? ensures that both the payload types and availabilities between each component are compatible.

#### Build Time Components

Some components are designed to operate on a payload at build time. For each installer in the executable, User #? will invoke the components to operate on the payload until the first run time component is reached. The output of the last build time component will be the input of the first run time component.

### Run Time

At run time, User #? will evaluate the target environment and run the run time components.

#### Global Rule

An executable may be configured with a global rule that describes conditions that are required for the executable as a whole. Before executing any components, User #? will evaluate this global rule.

If the global rule does not evaluate to “true”, the User #? aborts operation.

#### Installer Rules

For each installer in the executable, a rule may be configured that describe required conditions for that particular installer. Before executing any of an installer’s run time components, User #? will evaluate its installer rule.

If the installer rule does not evaluate to “true”, the User #? skips that installer.

#### Run Time Components

For each installer in the executable, User #? invokes each run time component to operate on the payload. If any component fails, User #? will unwind, calling the components in reverse order to undo whatever actions they had taken.

# Developing Components

## Module Interface

The module interface is the interface that governs the interaction between User #? binaries and the component DLLs that run on target.

The component module interface requires that the module DLL Dynamic Link Library export functions that perform a set of procedures. Module functions must be exported by ordinal only.

### Install Procedure

    const unsigned short COMPONENT_INSTALL_ORDINAL = 1;

    typedef uint_64(__stdcall *InstallProcedure)(

      void* config,

      unsigned long config_size,

      void* input_payload,

      unsigned long input_payload_size,

      void** output_payload,

      unsigned long* output_payload_size

    );

The component install procedure is called by User #? during the execution of a configured installer.

The install procedure is exported by the module on Ordinal 1.

The install procedure takes the following arguments:

    config
| - pointer to the configuration data associated with the component
    config_size
| - size of the configuration data in bytes
    input_payload
| - pointer to the input payload
    input_payload_size
| - size of the input payload in bytes
    output_payload
| - pointer to pointer to store output payload The input payload may be modified in place and the output payload pointer set to the input payload pointer. If more space is needed for the output, the module is responsible for allocating this buffer. The memory should be allocated using the User #? memory "functions".
    output_payload_size
| - pointer to size of the output payload in bytes

The install procedure returns a uint_64 code. An exit code of zero indicates success and a non-zero code indicates failure.

### Uninstall Procedure

    const unsigned short COMPONENT_UNINSTALL_ORDINAL = 2;

    typedef uint_64 (__stdcall *UninstallProcedure)(

      void* config,

      unsigned long config_size

    );

The component uninstall procedure is called by User #? when trying to reverse an installer.

The uninstall procedure is exported by the module on Ordinal 2.

The uninstall procedure takes the following arguments:

    config
| - pointer to the configuration data associated with the component
    config_size
| - size of the configuration data in bytes

The uninstall procedure returns a uint_64 code. An exit code of zero indicates success and a non-zero code indicates failure.

### Memory "Functions"

    #define GHAlloc(size) HeapAlloc(GetProcessHeap(), HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY,
    size)

    #define GHReAlloc(mem, size) HeapReAlloc(GetProcessHeap(),
    HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY, mem, size)

    #define GHFree(mem) HeapFree(GetProcessHeap(), 0, mem)

Component modules must use the specified User #? memory "functions" when allocating or deallocating shared memory. Currently, the only case when a component allocates memory shared with User #? is when allocating space for an output payload.

## Script Interface

The script interface is the interface that governs the interaction between the User #? Builder and Decoder and the component Python module/package that runs at build time.

The script interface requires that the component implements a Python module/package that defines and registers a 'Component' subclass.

### Component Base Class

    class Component(object):

        """Object representing a
    User #? component instance.

        The Component class is subclassed by component scripts to
    define

        the interface for instantiating their components.

        Attributes:

            name (str): name of the component type

            version (str): version of the component type

            description (str): short, one-line description of the
    component type

        """

        name = ''

        version = ''

        description = ''

        XML_TAG_COMPONENT = 'Component'

        XML_ATTR_ID = 'id'

        XML_ATTR_TYPE = 'name'

        XML_ATTR_VERSION = 'version'

        def __init__(self, instance_id):

            """Initialize a new component instance.

            Subclasses should call the Component.__init__ function.

            Args:

                instance_id (str): identifier for the component
    instance

            """

            self.instance_id = instance_id

        def __repr__(self):

            return '{}({})'.format(type(self).__name__,
    self.instance_id)

        # View Functions

        def properties(self):

            """Generate a recursive series of key-value pairs
    describing component.

            Property keys must be strings. Property values may be a
    string or a

            sequence of sub-keys and value pairs.

            Returns:

                list: sequence of properties as key-value pairs

            """

                raise NotImplementedError('{} does not implement
    properties method'.format(

                    type(self).__name__))

        def decode_install_result(self, code):

            """Decode the component result code returned by a
    call to the component module's

            install command.

            A result code of zero is reserved for 'success'.

            Args:

                code (int): 64-bit unsigned integer returned by
    component module during install

            Returns:

                str: human-readable result message

            """

            raise NotImplementedError('{} does not implement
    decode_install_result method'.format(

                type(self).__name__))

        def decode_uninstall_result(self, code):

            """Decode the component result code returned by a
    call to the component module's

            uninstall command.

            A result code of zero is reserved for 'success'.

            Args:

                code (int): 64-bit unsigned integer returned by
    component module during uninstall

            Returns:

                str: human-readable result message

            """

            raise NotImplementedError('{} does not implement
    decode_uninstall_result method'.format(

                type(self).__name__))

        # Command Line Functions

        @classmethod

        def setup_parser(cls, parser):

            """Setup an argument parser for the component.

            The parser is used to parse command-line arguments to
    instantiate the

            component. Parser is an argparse ArgumentParser that
    the component

            can setup for its purposes.

            Args:

               parser (argparse.ArgumentParser): parser to setup
    for the component

            """

            raise NotImplementedError('{} does not implement
    setup_parser method'.format(

                cls.__name__))

        @classmethod

        def from_cmdline(cls, instance_id, args):

            """Instantiate a component from the command line.

            The component class is provided an argparse Namespace
    generated using

            the parser initialized by ``setup_parser``.

            Args:

                instance_id (str): identifier for the component
    instance

                args (argparse.Namespace): argument namespace
    generated from command line

            Returns:

                Component: instance of component initialized from
    command line

            """

            raise NotImplementedError('{} does not implement
    from_cmdline method'.format(

                cls.__name__))

        # Save/Load Functions

        def save(self, dir_path):

            """Save a component to an xml string and data files.

            Component state/configuration are stored in
    XML
    Extensible Markup Language
    with following format:

                <Component id="..." type="..."
    version="...">...</Component>

            The id field should match the identifier provided for the
    instance.

            The type field should match the name of the
    component.

            The version field is provided to support component
    versioning.

            Args:

                dir_path (str): path to directory to save bulk
    instance data

            Returns:

                str: xml-formatted representation of the
    component

            """

            raise NotImplementedError('{} does not implement save
    method'.format(

                type(self).__name__))

        @classmethod

        def load(cls, instance_id, xml, dir_path):

            """Load a component from an xml string and data
    files.

            This function will parse the xml string and any backing
    data files,

            initialize a new instance of the component, and
    return that component

            object.

            Args:

                instance_id (str): identifier for the component
    instance

                xml (str): xml-formatted representation of a
    component

                    Uses string previously generated by ``save``
    function.

                dir_path (str): path to directory to load bulk
    instance data

                    Uses directory previously provided to
    ``save`` function.

            Returns:

                Component: instance of component initialized from
    xml and data

            """

            raise NotImplementedError('{} does not implement load
    method'.format(

                cls.__name__))

        # Build Functions

        def available_payloads(self, input_type, input_time,
    output_time):

            """Generate a list of payload types available for a
    given input.

            Args:

                input_type (PayloadType or None): type of payload
    input to component

                input_time (str): when payload is input to
    component ('build' or 'run')

                output_time (str): when payload is output from
    component ('build' or 'run')

            Returns:

                list of PayloadType: output types available for
    given parameters

                    List may include None if no payload is output
    from component;

                    this is only valid when output_time is 'run'.

            """

            raise NotImplementedError('{} does not implement
    available_payloads '

    'method'.format(type(self).__name__))

        @classmethod

        def buildhook(cls, step, components):

            """Hook the component build process.

            This function will be called during the
    User #? build process between

            a variety of build steps.

            The following steps are defined ...

                prebuild : before the build has begun

                prebuild-configs : before component
    configs/payloads built

                prebuild-configs-installer : before per-installer
    component configs/payloads built

                postbuild-configs-installer : after per-installer
    component configs/payloads built

                postbuild-configs : after component
    configs/payloads built

                prebuild-modules : before component modules built

                postbuild-modules : after component modules built

                postbuild : after the build has finished

            Args:

                step (str): current build step

                components (list of Component): instances of
    components to hook

            """

            pass

        def build_payload(self, working_dir, input_type, output_type,
    input_data):

            """Build the output payload for the component with a
    given input.

            This function may be called when output_type was returned
    from

            available_payloads(input_type, input_time, 'build').
    If the output payload

            is generated at build time, the component module will
    not be executed

            at run time.

            Args:

                working_dir (str): path to working directory for
    component

                input_type (PayloadType): type of payload that is
    input

                output_type (PayloadType): type of payload that
    shall be output

                input_data (bytes): input payload data

            Returns:

                bytes: output payload data with type specified by
    output_type

            """

            raise NotImplementedError('{} does not implement
    build_payload method'.format(

                type(self).__name__))

        def build_config(self, working_dir, input_type, output_type,
    input_data=None):

            """Build the runtime configuration for the component
    with a given input.

            This function may be called when output_type was returned
    from

            available_payloads(input_type, input_time, 'run').
    The configuration

            data will be provided to the component module at run
    time. Input data

            may be provided if input_time was 'build'.

            Args:

                working_dir (str): path to working directory for
    component

                input_type (PayloadType): type of payload that is
    input

                output_type (PayloadType): type of payload that
    shall be output

                input_data (bytes, optional): input payload data

            Returns:

                bytes, optional: configuration data provided to
    module at runtime

            """

            raise NotImplementedError('{} does not implement
    build_config method'.format(

                type(self).__name__))

        @classmethod

        def build_module(cls, working_dir, architecture,
    components):

            """Build a module for the component.

    User #? will use the same module for all
    components of a given type.

            The component script may customize the module based on the
    components

            that it will be expected to execute.

            Args:

                working_dir (str): path to working directory for
    component

                arch (str): architecture of component module to
    build ('x86' or 'x64')

                components (list of Component): instances of
    component to be executed by module

            Returns:

                bytes: component module DLL

            """

            raise NotImplementedError('{} does not implement
    build_module method'.format(

                cls.__name__))

### Component Registration

The component's Python module/package must call the register_component function with their component subclass whenever the module/package is imported.

### Previous versions:

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